CVE-2025-54489

A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.0 and Master Branch (35a819fa). A specially crafted MFER file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.This vulnerability manifests on line 8970 of biosig.c on the current master branch (35a819fa), when the Tag is 63:

                else if (tag==63) {
                    uint8_t tag2=255, len2=255;

                    count = 0;
                    while ((count<len) && !(FlagInfiniteLength && len2==0 && tag2==0)){
                        curPos += ifread(&tag2,1,1,hdr);
                        curPos += ifread(&len2,1,1,hdr);
                        if (VERBOSE_LEVEL==9)
                            fprintf(stdout,"MFER: tag=%3i chan=%2i len=%-4i tag2=%3i len2=%3i curPos=%i %li count=%4i\n",tag,chan,len,tag2,len2,curPos,iftell(hdr),(int)count);

                        if (FlagInfiniteLength && len2==0 && tag2==0) break;

                        count  += (2+len2);
                        curPos += ifread(&buf,1,len2,hdr);

Here, the number of bytes read is not the Data Length decoded from the current frame in the file (`len`) but rather is a new length contained in a single octet read from the same input file (`len2`). Despite this, a stack-based buffer overflow condition can still occur, as the destination buffer is still `buf`, which has a size of only 128 bytes, while `len2` can be as large as 255.